Apa itu Katarsis
Katarsis berasal dari bahasa Yunani katharsis, yang berarti “pemurnian” atau “pembersihan”. Dalam psikologi dan filsafat, istilah ini digunakan untuk menggambarkan pelepasan emosi yang intens, seringkali melalui pengalaman atau tindakan tertentu, yang menghasilkan perasaan lega atau pembaruan mental. Konsep ini diperkenalkan oleh Aristoteles dalam konteks tragedi Yunani, di mana katarsis merujuk pada pembersihan emosi seperti rasa takut dan belas kasihan yang dirasakan penonton.
Katarsis adalah cara untuk melepaskan emosi negatif, seperti dendam, kemarahan, luka batin, atau kesedihan. Dalam psikologi modern, katarsis digunakan untuk menjelaskan proses pelepasan emosi terpendam melalui ekspresi atau pengalaman yang intens. Hal ini sering diterapkan dalam terapi untuk membantu individu mengatasi trauma, stres, atau konflik emosional.
Jenis-jenis Katarsis
1. Katarsis Emosional

Merupakan pelepasan emosi yang kuat melalui aktivitas tertentu, seperti menangis, marah, atau tertawa. Proses ini membantu mengurangi ketegangan dan stres emosional. Contohnya, seseorang merasa lebih baik setelah menangis saat menghadapi peristiwa yang menyedihkan.
Hal ini yang paling sering dilakukan orang untuk meluapkan perasaannya. Namun perlu kontrol diri agar tidak terjebak dan larut dalam kesedihan atau kemarahan yang bisa merugikan diri sendiri dan orang lain di sekitar.
2. Katarsis Kreatif

Terjadi melalui ekspresi kreatif seperti menulis, melukis, atau bermain musik. Kegiatan ini memungkinkan individu untuk menyalurkan emosi yang terpendam dan mencapai keseimbangan emosional.
Contoh: Seseorang bisa aktif melakukan expressive writing atau jurnaling. Dia mencurahkan segala isi hatinya melalui tulisan yang kalau dilakukan secara continue maka akan sangat membantu menjaga kesehatan mental.
3. Katarsis Fisik

Melibatkan aktivitas fisik sebagai cara untuk melepaskan stres atau energi negatif, misalnya melalui olahraga, tarian, atau kegiatan fisik lainnya.
Belakangan ini olahraga lari menjadi kegiatan yang digandrungi banyak orang. Banyak yang awalnya FOMO dan akhirnya sangat menikmati. Menurutku sih ini FOMOnya positif ya, karena orang beramai-ramai berolahraga dan menjadi sehat.
Selain untuk tujuan kesehatan fisik, olah raga lari juga bisa menjadi katarsis loh.
4. Katarsis Spiritual

Berkaitan dengan pengalaman religius atau spiritual, di mana seseorang merasa terhubung dengan kekuatan yang lebih besar, sehingga mencapai pembersihan jiwa atau perasaan damai.
Cara ini juga sering dilakukan orang. Bagi umat muslim, melakukan sholat tahajud dirasa mampu menenangkan jiwa dan memberi kekuatan untuk menjalani hidup. Katarsis jenis ini diakui sangat menenangkan.
Meditasi juga menjadi pilihan banyak orang. Meditasi adalah praktik mental yang melibatkan pemusatan perhatian dan kesadaran untuk mencapai keadaan pikiran yang tenang, fokus, dan seimbang. Meditasi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi, kesadaran diri, serta kesejahteraan emosional dan spiritual
5. Katarsis Sosial

Terjadi melalui interaksi dengan orang lain, seperti berbicara atau berdiskusi tentang perasaan dan pengalaman pribadi. Proses ini membantu mengurangi beban emosional melalui dukungan sosial.
Dalam proses ini, seseorang sangat membutuhkan dukungan orang lain. Dia butuh didengar. Konseling kelompok mungkin perlu dicoba.
Selain itu. Katarsis sosial cocok untuk orang-orang dengan energi sosial yang tinggi. Dia dapat memperbaiki energinya dengan berintaraksi dengan banyak orang. Barangkali dengan mengikuti kegiatan amal, menjadi relawan bencana.
———
Apapun yang menjadi beban di hatimu. Kamu harus berusaha menyelesaikannya. Jangan dipendam di dalam hati. Ada banyak cara katarsis yang bisa dilakukan untuk melepaskan emosi, kesedihan, kemarahan atau apapun itu agar tidak menjadi luka batin yang akan menghantui seumur hidup.
Kalau rasanya sudah terlalu sakit, tidak tahu bagaimana mengurai dan melepaskannya, cobalah menghubungi professional. Berbicara dengan psikolog mungkin bisa menjadi solusi yang baik.
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